NEWS

5G HAIRPIN BANDPASS FILTER


(Received: 15-Aug.-2020, Revised: 28-Sep.-2020 , Accepted: 13-Oct.-2020)
In this paper, Hairpin Bandpass Filter (HPBF) is designed, simulated and fabricated at two 5G low-frequency bands: 3.7 GHz- 4.2 GHz and 5.975 GHz-7.125 GHz. This filter will be a part of our 5G narrowband/ Ultra Wide Band (UWB) reconfigurable antenna project that plays a significant role in the recent wireless networks, such as Cognitive Radios (CRs). Through the two frequency bands, the filter resulted in good matching and transmission responses with enhanced bandwidth. The measured reflection coefficient of the proposed HBPF, S11 is <-10 dB and <-11.66 dB through 3.45 GHz – 4.25 GHz and 5.62 GHz – 7.6 GHz, respectively. However, the transmission coefficient, S12 is around-1.5 dB and – 1.17 dB at the center frequencies FC = 3.75 GHz and 6.61 GHz, respectively. In this paper, the High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS) software is used to carry out the simulation. The full-wave simulation results are validated with the hardware measurements.

[1] J.-S. G. Hong and M. J. Lancaster, Microstrip Filters for RF/Microwave Applications, vol. 167, John Wiley & Sons, 2011.

[2] Q. Abdullah, N. S. M. Shah, N. Farah, W. A. Jabbar, N. Abdullah, A. Salh et al., "A Compact Size Microstrip Five Poles Hairpin Band-pass Filter Using Three-layers Structure for Ku-band Satellites Application," Telkomnika, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 80-89, 2020.

[3] K. K. Sethi, A. Dutta, G. Palai and P. Sarkar, "Hairpin Structure Band-pass Filter for IoT Band Application," New Paradigm in Decision Science and Management, Part of the Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing Book Series (AISC), vol. 1005, pp. 399-405, Springer, 2020.

[4] N. A. Wahab, W. N. W. Muhamad, M. M. A. M. Hamzah, S. S. Sarnin and N. F. Naim, "Design A Microstrip Hairpin Band-pass Filter for 5GHz Unlicensed WiMAX," Proc. of IEEE International Conference on Networking and Information Technology, pp. 183-186, Manila, Philippines, 2010.

[5] M. F. M. Yusoff, M. A. M. Sobri, F. Zubir and Z. Johari, "Multiband Hairpin-line Bandpass Filters by Using Metamaterial Complementary Split Ring Resonator," Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI), vol. 7, pp. 289-294, 2019.

[6] S. K. Azam, M. I. Ibrahimy, S. Motakabber, A. Z. Hossain, and M. S. Islam, "A miniaturized hairpin resonator for the high selectivity of WLAN bandwidth," Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, vol. 8, pp. 916-922, 2019.

[7] H.-l. Kao, C.-L. Cho, X. Dai, C.-S. Yeh, X.-Y. Zhang, L.-C. Chang et al., "Hairpin Bandpass Filter on Liquid Crystal Polymer Substrate Using Inkjet Printing Technology," Proc. of IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (MTT), pp. 1-4, Seattle, WA, USA, 2013.

[8] H. Shaman, S. Almorqi, O. Haraz and S. Alshebeili, "Hairpin Microstrip Bandpass Filter for Millimeter- wave Applications," Proceedings of IEEE Mediterranean Microwave Symposium (MMS2014), pp. 1-4, Marrakech, Morocco, 2014.

[9] B. Adli, R. Mardiati and Y. Y. Maulana, "Design of Microstrip Hairpin Bandpass Filter for X-band Radar Navigation," Proc. of the IEEE 4th International Conference on Wireless and Telematics (ICWT), pp. 1- 6, Nusa Dua, Indonesia, 2018.

[10] K. Kavitha and M. Jayakumar, "Design and Performance Analysis of Hairpin Bandpass Filter for Satellite Applications," Procedia-Computer Science, vol. 143, pp. 886-891, 2018.

[11] S. Ono and K. Wada, "Design and Fabrication of 3-Pole BPF Configured by Hairpin Resonators and Different Types of Coupling and Feed Types at 20 GHz," Proc. of IEEE Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC), pp. 1363-1365, Kyoto, Japan, 2018.

[12] M. Fadhil, H. Wijanto and Y. Wahyu, "Hairpin Line Bandpass Filter for 1.8 GHz FDD-LTE eNodeB Receiver," Proc. of the International IEEE Conference on Radar, Antenna, Microwave, Electronics and Telecommunications (ICRAMET), pp. 134-136, Jakarta, Indonesia, 2017.

[13] O. Sharifi-Tehrani, "Design, Simulation and Fabrication of Microstrip Hairpin and Interdigital BPF for 2.25 GHz Unlicensed Band," Majlesi Journal of Telecommunication Devices, vol. 6, pp. 115-118, 2017.

[14] F. Y. Zulkifli, R. Saputra and E. T. Rahardjo, "Microstrip Hairpin Bandpass Filter Using Via Ground Holes for 923 MHz RFID Application," Proc. of the International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (ISAP), Jeju, pp. 1-4, [Online], Avaiable: https://www.ieice.org/cs/isap/ISAP_Archives/201 1/pdf/[FrD4-6]%20A14_1003.pdf, 2011.

[15] A. Lalbakhsh, A. A. L. Neyestanak and M. Naser-Moghaddasi, "Microstrip Hairpin Bandpass Filter Using Modified Minkowski Fractal Shape for Suppression of Second Harmonic," IEICE Transactions on Electronics, vol. 95, pp. 378-381, 2012.

[16] M. Naser-Moghadasi, M. Alamolhoda and B. Rahmati, "Spurious Response Suppression in Hairpin Filter Using DMS Integrated in Filter Structure," Prog. In Electromag. Research, vol. 18, pp. 221-229, 2011.

[17] K. Vidhya and T. Jayanthy, "Design of Microstrip Hairpin Band Pass Filter Using Defected Ground Structure and Open Stubs," Proc. of the International Conference on Information and Electronics Engineering (IPCSIT), vol. 6, pp. 268-272, IACSIT Press, Singapore, 2011.

[18] M. Othman, N. M. Zaid, M. A. Aziz and H. Sulaiman, "3 GHz Hairpin Filter with Defected Ground Structure (DGS) for Microwave Imaging Application," Proc. of the IEEE International Conference on Computer, Communications and Control Technology (I4CT), pp. 411-414, Langkawi, Malaysia, 2014.

[19] N. Ismail, T. S. Gunawan, T. Praludi and E. A. Hamidi, "Design of Microstrip Hairpin Bandpass Filter for 2.9 GHz–3.1 GHz S-band Radar with Defected Ground Structure," Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, vol. 14, pp. 448-455, 2018.

[20] V. S. Kershaw, S. S. Bhadauria and G. S. Tomar, "Design of Microstrip Hairpin-line Bandpass Filter with Square Shape Defected Ground Structure," Asia-Pacific Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical and Electronics Engineering, vol. 1, pp. 21-30, 2017.

[21] T. Hariyadi and S. Mulyasari, "Design and Simulation of Microstrip Hairpin Bandpass Filter with Open Stub and Defected Ground Structure (DGS) at X-Band Frequency," Proc. of the 2nd International Conference on Innovation in Engineering and Vocational Education, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, vol. 306, p. 012124, Manado, Indonesia, 2018.

[22] H. Sajjad, A. Altaf, S. Khan and L. Jan, "A Compact Hairpin Filter with Stepped Hairpin Defected Ground Structure," Proc. of the 21st IEEE International Multi-topic Conference (INMIC), pp. 1-5, Karachi, Pakistan, 2018.

[23] N. Ismail, S. M. Ulfah, I. Lindra, A. S. Awalluddin, I. Nuraida and M. A. Ramdhani, "Microstrip Hairpin Bandpass Filter for Radar S-Band with Dumbbell-DGS," Proc. of the 5th IEEE International Conference on Wireless Communications and Telematics (ICWT), pp. 1-4, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 2019.

[24] J. Ye, D. Qu, X. Zhong and Y. Zhou, "Design of X-band Bandpass Filter Using Hairpin Resonators and Tapped Feeding Line," Proc. of IEEE Symposium on Computer Applications and Communications, pp. 93-95, Weihai, China, 2014.

[25] T. Singh, J. Chacko, N. Sebastian, R. Thoppilan, A. Kotrashetti and S. Mande, "Design and Optimization of Microstrip Hairpin-line Bandpass Filter Using DOE Methodology," Proc. of the IEEE International Conference on Communication, Information & Computing Technology (ICCICT), pp. 1-6, Mumbai, India, 2012.

[26] A. Lotfi-Neyestanak and A. Lalbakhsh, "Improved Microstrip Hairpin-line Bandpass Filters for Spurious Response Suppression," Electronics Letters, vol. 48, pp. 858-859, 2012.

[27] J. Ni, "Development of Tunable and Miniature Microwave Filters for Modern Wireless Communications," Heriot-Watt University, [Online], Available: http://hdl.handle.net/10399/2843, 2014.

[28] N. Chami, D. Saigaa, A. Djaiz, R. AlThomali and M. Nedil, "A New Miniature Microstrip Two-layer Bandpass Filter Using Aperture-coupled Hairpin Resonators," International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, vol. 4, pp. 10-14, 2017.

[29] M. Tan, Y. Xuan, Y. Ma, L. Li and Y. Zhuang, "Design of C-band Interdigital Filter and Compact C- band Hairpin Bandpass Film Filter on Thin Film Substrate," RF and Microwave Microelectronics Packaging II, pp. 63-73, Springer, 2017.

[30] B. Chen, Y. Tang, H. Zhu, H. Yue, Z. Wen and X. Deng, "Design of W Band Hairpin Filter with IPD Technology," Proc. of IEEE MTT-S International Wireless Symposium (IWS), pp. 1-3, Guangzhou, China, 2019.

[31] C. Schuster, A. Wiens, M. Schüßler, C. Kohler, J. Binder and R. Jakoby, "Hairpin Bandpass Filter with Tunable Center Frequency and Tunable Bandwidth Based on Screen Printed Ferroelectric Varactors," Proc. of the 46th IEEE European Microwave Conference (EuMC), pp. 1425-1428, London, UK, 2016.

[32] C. Schuster, L. Schynol, E. Polat, E. Schwab, S. Schmidt, R. Jakoby et al., "Reconfigurable Hairpin Filter with Tunable Center Frequency, Bandwidth and Transmission Zero," Proc. of the IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Workshop Series on Advanced Materials and Processes for RF and THz Applications (IMWS-AMP), pp. 79-81, Bochum, Germany, 2019.

[33] M. A. Almahadeen and A. M. Matarneh, "Performance Assessment of Throughput in a 5G System," Jordanian Journal of Computers and Information Technology (JJCIT), vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 303-316, 2020. 

[34] M. A. Taher, "Enhanced 5G Throughput Using UFMC Multiplexing," Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University, vol. 54, no. 5, pp. 1-11, 2019.

[35] I. Parvez, A. Rahmati, I. Guvenc, A. I. Sarwat and H. Dai, "A Survey on Low Latency Towards 5G: RAN, Core Network and Caching Solutions," IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, vol. 20, pp. 3098-3130, 2018.

[36] J. Sachs, G. Wikstrom, T. Dudda, R. Baldemair and K. Kittichokechai, "5G Radio Network Design for Ultra-reliable Low-latency Communication," IEEE Network, vol. 32, pp. 24-31, 2018.

[37] O. N. Yilmaz, Y.-P. E. Wang, N. A. Johansson, N. Brahmi, S. A. Ashraf and J. Sachs, "Analysis of Ultra- reliable and Low-latency 5G Communication for a Factory Automation Use Case," Proc. of the IEEE International Conference on Communication Workshop (ICCW), pp. 1190-1195, London, UK, 2015.

[38] R. Pawlak, P. Krawiec DQG J ŻXUHN, "2Q Measuring Electromagnetic Fields in 5G Technology," IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 29826-29835, 2019.

[39] 5G Americas, "5G Spectrum Vision," 5G Americas White Paper, p. 50, [Online], Avaialble: https://www.5gamericas.org/5g-spectrum-vision/, Feburary 2019.

[40] S. Saleh, W. Ismail, I. S. Z. Abidin and M. H. Jamaluddin, "N-way Compact Ultra-wide Band Equal and Unequal Split Tapered Transmission Lines Wilkinson Power Divider," Jordanian Journal of Computers and Information Technology (JJCIT), vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 291-302, September, 2020.

[41] Em:Talk, "Microstrip Line Calculator, " [Online], Available: http://www.emtalk.com/mscalc.php.

[42] D. M. Pozar, Microwave Engineering, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2012.